The seeds travel only a short distance from the mother plant when the cylindrical spikes are shaken by the wind. The nectar and pollen of the flowers attract many kinds of insects, including honeybees, bumblebees, cuckoo bees, long-horned bees, leafcutter bees, Halictid bees (including green metallic bees), plasterer bees, Sphecid wasps, Tiphiid wasps, Syrphid flies, bee flies, thick-headed flies, small butterflies, skippers, and beetles (Robertson, 1929; Reed, 1993, 1995).

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